Karya Tulis Ilmiah

FORMULASI HAND BODY LOTION EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT JERUK PONTIANAK (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa Hassk.)

Berkas Tersedia

Abstract

Kulit jeruk Pontianak (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa Hassk.) mengandung senyawa aktif seperti flavonoid, saponin, dan vitamin C yang bermanfaat sebagai antioksidan dan antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol kulit jeruk Pontianak dapat diformulasikan ke dalam sediaan hand body lotion serta mengevaluasi karakteristik fisik dari sediaan yang dihasilkan. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%, dan ekstrak kemudian diformulasikan ke dalam tiga variasi konsentrasi setil alkohol (2%, 3%, dan 4%). Evaluasi fisik meliputi uji organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, viskositas, tipe emulsi, dan kemampuan proteksi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa semua formula memiliki tekstur lembut, warna putih kekuningan, bau khas, homogenitas baik, pH netral (pH 7), daya sebar 5–7 cm, daya lekat >4 detik, dan viskositas dalam rentang standar (2.867–6.266 mPa·s). Sediaan membentuk emulsi tipe minyak dalam air (M/A) serta menunjukkan kemampuan proteksi . Peningkatan konsentrasi setil alkohol berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan viskositas dan daya lekat, serta penurunan daya sebar. Dengan demikian, ekstrak etanol kulit jeruk Pontianak dapat diformulasikan sebagai hand body lotion yang memenuhi persyaratan mutu evaluasi fisik.

Abstract (English)

Pontianak orange peel (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa Hassk.) contains active compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, and vitamin C, which are beneficial as antioxidants and antibacterials. This study aimed to determine whether the ethanol extract of Pontianak orange peel could be formulated into a hand body lotion and to evaluate the physical characteristics of the resulting formulation. The extraction process was carried out using the maceration method with 96% ethanol, and the extract was then formulated with three variations of cetyl alcohol concentration (2%, 3%, and 4%). Physical evaluations included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, viscosity, emulsion type, and protective ability. The results showed that all formulations had a soft texture, yellowish-white color, characteristic aroma, good homogeneity, neutral pH (pH 7), spreadability of 5–7 cm, adhesion time of more than 4 seconds, and viscosity within the standard range (2,867–6,266 mPa·s). The formulations formed oil-inwater (O/W) emulsions and demonstrated protective abilities. Increasing cetyl alcohol concentration led to increased viscosity and adhesion, and decreased spreadability. Therefore, the ethanol extract of Pontianak orange peel can be formulated into a hand body lotion that meets the physical quality requirements for topical preparations.