Karya Tulis Ilmiah

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN FRAKSI ETANOL, FRAKSI n-HEKSANA, FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAUN NIPAH (Nypa fructicans Wurmb.)

Berkas Tersedia

Abstract

Ekstrak daun nipah (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid, glikosida, saponin, tanin, dan steroid/triterpenoid yang berfungsi sebagai langkah awal dalam penelitian antioksidan. Fraksi yang dibuat adalah fraksi etanol, fraksi n-heksana, fraksi etil asetat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antioksidan fraksi etanol, fraksi nheksana, dan fraksi etil asetat daun nipah (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.). Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan fraksinasi cair-cair menggunakan pelarut n-heksana dan etil asetat. Aktivitas antioksidan diuji menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl), dengan parameter IC₅₀ sebagai indikator potensi aktivitas. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etanol mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, fenol, dan triterpenoid/steroid; fraksi n-heksana mengandung alkaloid, fenol, dan triterpenoid/steroid; sedangkan fraksi etil asetat mengandung alkaloid, fenol, dan triterpenoid/steroid. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan bahwa Nilai IC50 yang dimiliki fraksi etanol sebesar 27,78µg/ml, fraksi n-heksana 72,19µg/ml, dan fraksi etil asetat sebesar 28,13µg/ml. Sehingga disimpulkan fraksi etanol daun nipah memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tergolong sangat kuat.

Abstract (English)

Nipah leaf extract (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) is known to contain flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, and steroids/triterpenoids, which serve as a starting point for antioxidant research. The fractions prepared were ethanol fraction, nhexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction. This study aims to identify the secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of the ethanol fraction, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of nipah leaves (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.). The extraction process was carried out using the maceration method with 96% ethanol as the solvent, followed by liquid-liquid fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate as solvents. Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl) method, with the IC₅₀ parameter as an indicator of activity potential. The phytochemical screening results showed that the ethanol fraction contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, and triterpenoids/steroids; the n-hexane The phytochemical screening results showed that the ethanol fraction contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, and triterpenoids/steroids; the n-hexane fraction contained alkaloids, phenols, and triterpenoids/steroids; while the ethyl acetate fraction contained alkaloids, phenols, and triterpenoids/steroids. The antioxidant activity test results showed that the IC₅₀ value of the ethanol fraction was 27.78 µg/ml, the n-hexane fraction was 72.19 µg/ml, and the ethyl acetate fraction was 28.13 µg/ml. Thus, it was concluded that the ethanol fraction of nipah leaves has very strong antioxidant activity